Conservation Dentistry Question Bank

Conservation

Endodontics question are continued below

 

1) INTRODUCTION TO OPERATIVE DENTISTRY

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Scope of operative dentistry.
  2. What are the indications for operative dental treatment?
  3. Advancement in operative dentistry that have revolutionized the current practice in operative dentistry.

 

SHORT ANSWER

  1. Define operative dentistry?

 

2) TOOTH NUMBERING SYSTEM

LONG ESSAY

  1. Enumerate the several systems of tooth numbering? Explain in detail Zsigmondy/Palmer system.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Zsigmondy /Palmer system
  2. American dental association system
  3. Federation dentaire international system

 

SHORT ANSWER

  1. Give any 2 advantages and disadvantages of FDI system

 

3) NOMENCLATURE IN OPERATIVE DENTISTRY

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Classification of cavity preparation
  2. Explain the walls and angles of cavity preparation.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Simple cavity preparation
  2. Compound cavity preparation
  3. Complex cavity preparation
  4. Cavosurface angle /Cavosurface margin

 

4) STRUCTURE OF TEETH AND SUPPORTING TISSUES

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Explain structure of teeth
  2. Discuss supporting structures and its clinical significance

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Prismless enamel
  2. Gnarled enamel
  3. Nasmyth membrane/primary enamel cuticle
  4. Gingival unit
  5. Attachment apparatus

 

5) FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF HUMAN DENTITION

LONG ESSAY

  1. Explain contacts and contours of teeth.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Define occlusion? Write angle’s classification of interarch relationship?
  2. Explain mandibular movements
  3. Explain about supporting and non-supporting cusp
  4. Define embrasure? Types and functions.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Write any four functions of teeth.
  2. What is the significance of Contour of teeth?
  3. Give functions of contact areas?
  4. Static occlusion
  5. Dynamic occlusion
  6. Functional occlusion
  7. Non physiologic occlusion
  8. Centric relation
  9. Balanced occlusion
  10. Canine guided occlusion
  11. Group function occlusion
  12. Define over jet and overbite. Its clinical significance

 

6) DENTAL CARIES

LONG ESSAY

  1. Define dental caries? Write in detail about etiology and histopathology of dental caries.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Theories of dental caries
  2. Zones of enamel caries
  3. Zones of dentinal caries
  4. Etiology of dental caries
  5. Classification of dental caries
  6. Various methods of diagnosing caries
  7. What are the recent advances of caries diagnosis?
  8. Clinical presentation of caries
  9. Management of caries
  10. Write in detail about preventive measures for dental caries

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. What is the role of diet in dental caries?
  2. What is the role of saliva in dental caries?
  3. Protective functions of saliva
  4. Smooth surface caries
  5. Pit and fissure caries
  6. Root surface caries
  7. Xeroradiography
  8. Transillumination

 

7) FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS IN CAVITY PREPARATION

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Define cavity preparation/Tooth preparation? Stages in cavity preparation?
  2. Enumerate the steps of cavity preparation? Explain resistance and retention form of class 2 cavity preparation?

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Describe principles and features of primary resistance form
  2. Describe the Features of primary retention form.
  3. Differentiate between infected and affected dentin.
  4. Secondary resistance and retention form

 

8) PULP PROTECTION

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Classify pulp protective agents and explain each in detail
  2. Indirect pulp capping
  3. Direct pulp capping

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. What are various pulpal irritants?
  2. What is the importance of remaining dentin thickness?
  3. Define cavity sealer.
  4. Define cavity liner.
  5. Define cavity base.

 

9) INSTRUMENTS IN OPERATIVE DENTISTRY

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Classify operating instruments. Discuss chisel, hatchet and GMT in detail with illustration.
  2. Classify operative instruments. Mention instrument formula and discuss GMT, angle former, hatchet and chisel in detail
  3. Write about standardization of root canal instruments. Write indications, advantages and procedure for step back technique of preparation of root canal.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. GV black classification of instrument
  2. Hand cutting instrument
  3. Instrument formula
  4. Define bur? Classification of dental bur
  5. Design of dental bur. Significance of bur design
  6. Discuss about various instrument grasp used in operative dentistry.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Marzouk classification of instrument
  2. Mouth mirror. Types and functions
  3. Types of Explorer
  4. Parts of hand cutting instrument.
  5. Instrument formula for GMT.
  6. Types of GMT how to differentiate between mesial GMT and distal GMT
  7. What are the Rotary speed ranges in operative dentistry?
  8. Parts of dental bur
  9. Bur shapes
  10. Rake angle
  11. Types of excavator
  12. Restoring instruments
  13. Finishing and polishing instruments
  14. Modified pen grasp
  15. Guards
  16. Rests
  17. Enamel hatchet

 

10) ISOLATION OF OPERATING FIELD

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Goals of isolation
  2. Methods of isolation
  3. Discuss rubber Dam isolation and in detail.
  4. Advantages/disadvantages indications/ contraindications

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Types of rubber Dam material
  2. Saliva ejector
  3. High volume evacuator

 

11) MATRICES

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Define matrix. Classification of matrices.
  2. Define matrix. Discuss ideal requirements of matrix, functions of matrix, parts of matrix.
  3. Tofflemire matrix

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Ivory number 1 matrix
  2. Ivory number 8 matrix
  3. Parts of Tofflemire matrix
  4. T band matrix
  5. Auto matrix Parts , Advantages, Disadvantages

 

12) SEPARATION OF TEETH

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Define separation of teeth, explain methods of tooth separation
  2. Define wedge, explain wedging techniques.
  3. Define wedge, Types of wedges and functions of wedges.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Elliott separator
  2. Piggyback wedging
  3. Double wedging
  4. Wedge wedging
  5. Ferrier double bow separator
  6. Light transmitting wedge
  7. Slow or delayed tooth separation
  8. What is the need for tooth separation?

 

13) INFECTION CONTROL IN OPERATIVE DENTISTRY

LONG ESSAY

  1. Define sterilization, what are the methods of sterilization? Explain in detail about steam pressure sterilization /autoclave.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Dry heat sterilization/ dry clave
  2. Define disinfection, explain various methods of disinfection.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. What are the routes of transmission of dental infections?
  2. Chemical vapour pressure sterilization/ chemiclave
  3. Ethylene oxide sterilization
  4. Hand piece sterilization

 

14) PATIENT EVALUATION DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING

SHORT ESSAY

  1. What are the various phases of treatment plan?

 

15) PATIENT AND OPERATOR POSITIONS

SHORT ESSAY

  1. Explain various patient and operator position in operative dentistry.

 

16) MANAGEMENT OF PAIN AND TRAUMA IN OPERATIVE DENTISTRY

SHORT ESSAY

  1. What are the various methods to control pain in operative dentistry?

 

17) DENTIN HYPERSENSITIVITY

LONG ESSAY

  1. Define dentin hypersensitivity, Theories of dentin hypersensitivity and Management of dentin hypersensitivity.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Explain etiology, clinical features and management of dentin hypersensitivity.
  2. Theories of dentin hypersensitivity
  3. Direct innervation theory
  4. Hydrodynamic theory

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Phases of development of dentin hypersensitivity
  2. Define dentin hypersensitivity.
  3. Etiology of dentin hypersensitivity

 

18) MANAGEMENT OF GINGIVAL TISSUES

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. What are various methods of gingival tissue management?
  2. Indications for gingival tissue management?

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Chemical mechanical methods of gingival tissue management
  2. Electrosurgical methods, Principles of electrosurgery
  3. What are the recent techniques for gingival retraction?

 

19) AMALGAM RESTORATIONS

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Define Amalgam, Classification, Composition, Properties, Indications, contraindications  of dental amalgam alloys
  2. Classify the cavity designs for Amalgam restoration, Write briefly about mercury hygiene.
  3. Define class 2 cavity; write in detail steps involved in doing cavity preparation for Amalgam in mandibular 2nd premolar teeth.
  4. Enumerate various steps of cavity preparation; discuss retention and resistance form for class 2 amalgam cavity preparation.
  5. Define class 2 cavity; Write in detail about clinical steps involved in preparation of class 2 cavities for silver amalgam in maxillary 1st molar.
  6. Enumerate various restorative materials used for posterior teeth; discuss in detail class 2 cavity preparations for Silver amalgam in mandibular 1st molar.
  7. What are the causes for failure of silver amalgam Restoration? Note on features of such restoration?

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Recent developments in dental amalgam
  2. Amalgamation reaction
  3. Class 1 cavity preparation for amalgam restoration
  4. Features of primary resistance and retention form of class 2 cavity preparation
  5. Restorative technique for amalgam restoration
  6. Composition and properties of high copper alloys
  7. Bonded amalgam restoration
  8. What are the various modifications in class 2 cavity design for amalgam restoration?
  9. Steps in finishing and polishing of amalgam restoration
  10. What are the signs of failure of amalgam restoration?
  11. What are the reasons for failure of amalgam restoration?
  12. Mercury toxicity
  13. Enumerate the measures to reduce Mercury exposure in dental clinic.
  14. What are Mercury hygiene recommendations?

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Mercury free direct Filling amalgam alloys
  2. Primary resistance form for class 1 cavity preparation
  3. Slot preparation in class 2 cavity
  4. Eames technique
  5. Trituration
  6. Mulling
  7. Marginal ditching
  8. Proximal overhang
  9. Amalgam blues
  10. Mercury toxicity
  11. Define dental amalgam.
  12. Delayed expansion
  13. High copper amalgam
  14. Burnishing
  15. Gamma 2 phase

 

20) PIN RETAINED RESTORATIONS

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Define pin retained restoration? Write in detail about indications, contraindications, advantages, disadvantages of pin retained restoration.
  2. What are complex amalgam restorations? Advantages and disadvantages of complex amalgam restoration? Describe different types of pins used in pin amalgam restoration.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Classify pins, Write in detail about threaded pins.
  2. Thread made system pins
  3. What are the alternative means of providing retention for Amalgam restoration?

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Cemented pins
  2. Friction locked pins
  3. Self-threaded pins
  4. Types of TMS pins
  5. Complications of pin retained restoration
  6. Slots
  7. Coves
  8. Amalgapins

 

21) DIRECT FILLING GOLD

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Direct filling gold-Types/properties
  2. Degassing/Annealing
  3. What are the principles of compaction of direct gold restorations?
  4. Write about general principles of cavity preparation for direct gold restorations.
  5. Classify Direct filling gold? Add a note on compaction of teeth.
  6. What are the general steps for direct gold restorations?

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Gold foil
  2. Mat gold
  3. Mat foil
  4. Goldent
  5. Annealing
  6. Indications and contraindications for direct filling restorations.

 

22) CAST GOLD RESTORATIONS

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Define inlay, discuss the basic concepts of cavity preparation for inlay restoration.
  2. Differentiate between cavity preparation for Silver amalgam and class 2 cast gold inlay.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Composition and classification of cost gold alloys
  2. Properties of cast gold alloys
  3. Define inlay, Indications and contraindications for class 2 gold inlays
  4. Bevels in inlay cast Restoration and its function
  5. Cavity preparation for class 2 gold inlays
  6. Die materials
  7. Casting defects
  8. Porosities in cast gold restoration
  9. Fabrication of wax pattern of cast gold inlays and onlays
  10. Casting machines used to cast gold alloys.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Types of cast gold alloys
  2. Define inlay and onlay
  3. Circumferential tie
  4. Types of bevels
  5. Divestment
  6. Distortion
  7. Porosities
  8. Causes of back pressure porosity
  9. Pickling
  10. Electroformed dies

 

23) ADHESION TO TOOTH STRUCTURES

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Define adhesion and mechanism of adhesion.
  2. Describe acid etching and enamel bonding.
  3. Enamel bonding agents and mechanism of enamel bonding
  4. Discuss dentin bonding agents in detail
  5. Total etch adhesive
  6. Components of dentin bonding agent

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Acid etchants
  2. Enamel bonding agent and bonding mechanism
  3. Smear layer
  4. Classification of dentin bonding agents
  5. Clinical applications of dentin bonding agents
  6. Components of dentin bonding agent
  7. Hybrid layer
  8. Self-etch adhesive

 

24) COMPOSITE RESIN RESTORATION

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Define composite resin? What are the recent advances in composite resin?
  2. Define composite resin, write the classification explain the steps in restoring class IV composite resin,
  3. Classify composite resin, briefly explain restoring class III cavity with composite.
  4. Define dental composite resin, mention the composition and classification of composite, Discuss in detail clinical management of incisal Edge fracture of upper right Central Incisor using composite.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Classification of composite resin
  2. Composition of composite resin
  3. Polymerization of composite resin
  4. What are the recent advances in composite resin?
  5. Compomers and giomers
  6. Ceromer
  7. Class IV cavity preparation for composite resin
  8. Flowable composite
  9. Hybrid composite
  10. Fillers in composite
  11. Restorative technique for anterior composite restoration
  12. Discuss posterior composite restorations in detail.
  13. Compare cavity preparation in amalgam and composite.
  14. Rebonding
  15. Finishing and polishing of composite.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Define composite resin.
  2. Coupling agent
  3. Plasma arc curing lights
  4. Light emitting diode lights
  5. Argon laser curing lights
  6. Compomers
  7. Ormocer
  8. Flowable composite resin
  9. Ceromer
  10. Composition of compomer

 

25) GLASS IONOMER RESTORATIONS

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Classify GIC, Write in detail about its clinical applications.
  2. Classify GIC, Discuss composition and manipulation, Describe preparation and restoration of class V cavities with GIC.
  3. Describe the indications, contraindications, Advantages, Disadvantages of glass ionomer cement, Discuss restoration of class V cavities with glass ionomer cement.
  4. Write the Composition and classification of glass ionomer cement, in detail explain properties and manipulation.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Composition of GIC
  2. Recent advances in GIC
  3. Type III GIC
  4. Manipulation and setting reaction of GIC
  5. Properties of GIC
  6. Cermet ionomers
  7. Resin modified glass ionomer
  8. Sandwich technique
  9. Tunnel restoration
  10. ART technique

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Giomers
  2. Advantages and disadvantages of Glass ionomer

 

26) DENTAL CERAMIC RESTORATION

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Define dental ceramics, Classify dental ceramic and composition of dental ceramic.
  2. Methods of strengthening dental ceramics.
  3. Ceramic inlays and onlays
  4. All ceramic material
  5. Properties of dental ceramic
  6. CAD/CAM
  7. Ceramic Veneers

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Ceramic onlay
  2. Dental ceramic
  3. Ceramic veneers
  4. Components of CAD/CAM system
  5. Advantages and disadvantages of dental ceramic

 

27) NON VARIOUS CERVICAL LESIONS

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Mention different non carious lesion of tooth, Explain in detail abfraction lesion
  2. Define erosion, Discuss Etiology, Clinical features, Diagnosis and management of erosion.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Management of non-carious cervical lesion
  2. Erosion
  3. Abrasion
  4. Abfraction
  5. Preventive measures to prevent noncarious cervical lesions
  6. Clinical features of non-carious cervical lesions

 

28) MINIMAL INTERVENTION DENTISTRY

LONG ESSAY

  1. Define minimally invasive dentistry, Principles of minimally invasive dentistry and Explain in detail Air abrasion.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Sonoabrasion
  2. Air abrasion
  3. Lasers for cavity preparation

 

SHORT ANSWER

  1. Chemomechanical caries removal

 

29) COLOUR IN ESTHETIC DENTISTRY

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Dimensions of colour
  2. Shade selection protocol
  3. Factors affecting the colour perception

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Chromoscope
  2. Vitaspan 3D master
  3. Vitaclassical
  4. Metamerism

 

30) BASIC CONCEPTS IN ESTHETIC DENTISTRY

SHORT ESSAY

  1. Define Esthetic dentistry. Parameters to evaluate dental esthetics

 

31) BLEACHING DISCOLOURED TEETH

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Define bleaching, classify the bleaching procedures and explain in detail non vital bleaching.
  2. Discuss various bleaching agents used and Explain in detail at home vital bleaching.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Walking bleach
  2. Bleaching agents
  3. Vital/Extracoronal bleaching
  4. In office power bleaching
  5. In office traditional vital bleaching
  6. In office thermocatalytic bleaching

 

32) Lasers in conservative dentistry

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Principles of lasers
  2. Types of lasers
  3. Components of laser
  4. Application of laser in conservative dentistry

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Argon laser curing lights
  2. Advantages and disadvantages of laser

 

 

ENDODONTICS

 

1) PATHOLOGIES OF PULP AND PERIAPEX

 

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Classification of pulp pathologies.
  2. Irreversible pulpitis.
  3. Classification of peri radicular pathologies.
  4. Acute apical abscess.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Etiology of pulp diseases.
  2. Classification of pulp pathologies.
  3. Reversible pulpitis.
  4. Chronic hyperplastic pulpitis.
  5. Internal resorption.
  6. Phoenix abscess.
  7. Radicular cyst/cystic apical periodontitis.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. External root resorption.
  2. Cystic apical periodontitis.

 

2) ENDODONTIC MICROBIOLOGY

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Endodontic microflora.
  2. Portals of entry for microorganisms.
  3. Classification of microorganisms.
  4. Types of culture medium.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Microbial ecosystem of root canal.

 

 

 

3) BIOFILM AND SMEAR LAYER IN ENDODONTICS

 

SHORT ESSAY

  1. Smear layer in endodontics.

 

SHORT ANSWER

 

 

4) RATIONALE OF ENDODONTIC TREATMENT

 

LONG ESSAY

  1. Rationale of Endodontic therapy.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Endodontic implications explained by fish.
  2. Zones of infection.
  3. Rationale of endodontic therapy.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Fish experiment.

 

5) DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Objective findings.
  2. Diagnostic methods.
  3. Pulp vitality test.
  4. Thermal test.
  5. Electric pulp testing.
  6. Role of radiographs in endodontics.
  7. Digital dental radiography.
  8. Recent advances in pulp vitality testing.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Percussion test.
  2. Laser doppler flowmetry.
  3. SLOB rule.

 

6) ASEPSIS IN ENDODONTICS

 

SHORT ESSAY

  1. Steam Heat sterilization.

 

SHORT ANSWER

  1. Glass bead sterilizer.

 

7) ISOLATION OF TEETH

 

LONG ESSAY

  1. Rubber dam isolation.

 

8) ENDODONTIC INSTRUMENTS

 

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Endodontic instruments.
  2. Classification of instruments.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Standardization of instruments.
  2. Classification of endodontic instruments. Group 1 hand operated instruments.
  3. Gates glidden drills.
  4. Sonic and ultrasonic in endodontics.
  5. Ultrasonic hand piece.
  6. Uses of endosonics.
  7. K-type reamers and files.
  8. Handstroem file.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

 

  1. Peeso reamers.
  2. NiTi rotatory instruments.
  3. Rake angle.
  4. Generation of NiTi instruments.
  5. Ultrasonic hand piece.
  6. Letulo spiral.

 

9) INTERNAL ANATOMY

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Root canal classification.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Root canal classification.
  2. Maxillary first molar.
  3. C-shaped canal.

 

10) ACCESS CAVITY PREPARATION

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Access cavity preparation, definition, objectives, instruments for preparation, guidelines, laws of access cavity preparation.
  2. Access cavity preparation for maxillary molars.

 

11) IRRIGATION AND INTRACANAL MEDICAMENTS

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Ideal requirements for an irrigants, functions of irrigants, commonly used irrigating solutions.
  2. Sodium hypochlorite.
  3. Method of irrigation.
  4. Intracanal medicaments.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Sodium hypochlorite.
  2. Chelating agents.
  3. Calcium hydroxide.
  4. PBSC paste.
  5. Corticosteroid antibiotic combination.

 

12) WORKING LENGTH DETERMINATION

 

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Working length determination, definition, significance of WL, different methods of WL determination.
  2. Ingle’s method of WL determination.

 

SHORT ESSAY

  1. Electronic apex locators.

 

13) CLEANING AND SHAPING OF ROOT CANAL SYSTEM

 

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Techniques of root canal preparation.
  2. Step back technique.
  3. Crown down technique.
  4. Balanced force technique.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Objectives of biomechanical preparation.
  2. Balanced force technique.
  3. Watch winding.
  4. Principles of canal instrumentations.
  5. Difference between step back and crown down technique.

 

 

 

 

14) OBTURATION OF ROOT CANAL SYSTEM

 

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Obturation techniques.
  2. Lateral compaction technique.
  3. Thermoplasticized injectable gutta percha obturation.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Materials used for obturation.
  2. Gutta percha.
  3. Root canal sealers.
  4. Lateral compaction technique.
  5. Warm vertical compaction technique.
  6. Mcspadden compaction.
  7. Thermoplasticized injectable gutta percha obturation.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Materials used for obturation of root canal system.
  2. Gutta percha.
  3. Grossman’s sealers.
  4. AH-26.
  5. AH plus.
  6. Mcspadden compaction technique.

 

15) SINGLE VISIT ENDODONTIC

 

SHORT ESSAY

  1. Single visit endodontic.

 

 

 

 

16) MID TREATMENT FLARE UPS IN ENDODONTICS

 

SHORT ESSAY

  1. Mid treatment flare ups.

 

SHORT ANSWER

 

 

 

17) ENDODONTIC EMERGENCIES

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Classification of endodontic emergencies.
  2. Management options for an Avulsed tooth.
  3. Cracked tooth syndrome.

 

18) PROCEDURAL ACCIDENTS

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Procedural errors.
  2. Inadequately cleaned and shaped root canal system.
  3. Instrument separation.
  4. Management of coronal third perforations.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Masserann kit.

 

19) SURGICAL ENDODONTICS

 

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Classification of endodontic surgery.
  2. Flap designs and incisions.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Indications, contraindications.
  2. Flap designs and incisions.
  3. Root end resection.
  4. Root end filling materials.
  5. Endodontic implants.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Incision and drainage.
  2. Partsch incision.
  3. Ochsenbein- luebke flap.
  4. Retrograde filling.
  5. Root end filling materials.

 

20) ENDODONTIC PERIODONTAL LESIONS

 

SHORT ESSAY

  1. Classification of endodontic periodontal lesions.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Classification of endodontic periodontal lesions.

 

21) RESTORATION OF ENDODONTICALLY TREATED TEETH

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Post and core.
  2. Factors to be considered while planning post and core.

 

 

22) MANAGEMENT OF TRAUMATIC INJURIES

 

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Classification of dentofacial injuries.
  2. Etiology of traumatic injuries.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Root fractures.
  2. Luxation injuries.
  3. Types of Splints.
  4. Mouth guard.

 

23) MANAGEMENT OF DISCOLORED TEETH

 

LONG ESSAYS

  1. Etiology, classification.
  2. Bleaching agents.

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Intrinsic stains.
  2. Night guar bleaching.
  3. Bleaching of nonvital teeth.
  4. Walking bleaching.
  5. In office bleaching.

 

SHORT ANSWERS

  1. Carbamide peroxide.
  2. Walking bleaching.

 

24) ROOT RESOLUTION

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. External root resorption.
  2. Inflammatory root resorption.

 

25) CRACK TOOTH SYNDROME AND VERTICAL ROOT FRACTURE

 

SHORT ESSAY

  1. Crack tooth syndrome.

 

26) LASER IN ENDODONTICS

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Lasers in endodontics.
  2. Application of lasers.

 

27) BIOCERAMICS IN ENDODONTICS

 

SHORT ESSAY

  1. Mineral trioxide aggregates.

 

28) VITAL PULP THERAPY

 

LONG ESSAY

 

SHORT ESSAYS

  1. Pulp capping.
  2. Direct pulp capping.

 

 

 

29) MAGNIFICATION

 

SHORT ESSAY

Surgical operating microscope.


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