1. INTRODUCTION TO DENTISTRY

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Define dentistry? What are the aims and objectives of dentistry?
2. Dentist act of India 1948?
3. Dental Council of India?
4. Dentist Amendment Act 1993?
5. Indian Dental Association
6. Objectives and functions of IDA?
7. What are the functions and responsibilities of DCI?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Functions of IDA?
2. Define dentistry?
3. Composition of Dental Council of India?
4. Office bearers of IDA?

2. PUBLIC HEALTH AND DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH

LONG ESSAYS

1. Define primary health? principles of Primary Health Care?
2. Define health? what are the changing concept of health?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Changing concepts of health?
2. Concepts of causation?
3. Principles of Primary Health Care?
4. Primary prevention?
5. Secondary prevention?
6. Epidemiological triad?
7. Agent factors of causation?
8. Web of causation?
9. Modes of intervention in primary prevention?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Define public health?
2. Multifactorial causation?
3. Spectrum of disease?
4. Iceberg of disease?
5. Social engineering phase?
6. Disease Control phase
7. Elements of Primary Health Care?
8. WHO definition of health?

3. DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH

LONG ESSAYS

1. Define dental public health? explain the procedural steps in dental public health?

SHORT ESSAYS

2. Tools of dental public health?
3. Compare private practice and Public Health dentistry?
4. WHO and FDI goals for oral health?
5. Procedural steps in dental public health?

SHORT ANSWER

1. Indian Association of Public Health dentistry?

4. WATER

LONG ESSAYS

1. Define safe and Wholesome water? explain rapid sand filtration?
2. Define potable water? steps for purification of water on large scale?
3. What are the various methods of purification of water on large scale?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Sources of water?
2. Enumerate the guidelines for drinking water quality?
3. Household purification of water?
4. Role of chlorination and purification of water?
5. Disinfection of Wells?
6. Slow sand filter?

5. WASTE MANAGEMENT

LONG ESSAY

1. Explain various methods of disposal of solid waste?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Dumping?
2. Disposal of solid waste?
3. Incineration? Types of incinerators?
4. Controlled tipping /sanitary landfill?
5. Chemical disinfection?
6. Steam disinfection/ wet thermal treatment?
7. Disposal of Healthcare waste?
8. Categories of Healthcare waste?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Composting?
2. Bangalore method /hot fermentation process?
3. Manure pits?
4. Pyrolytic incinerators?
5. Rotary Kiln?
6. Encapsulation?
7. Microwave irradiation?

6. SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HEALTH BEHAVIOUR

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Define sociology? what are the structure and functional aspects of society?
2. Cultural anthropology?
3. What are the cultural effects in oral health and disease?
4. Define health behaviour and explain theories of behaviour change?
5. What are the effects of light style on Oral health?
6. Social stratification and oral health?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. What are the 5 Social Sciences?
2. Define sociology?
3. Social norms?
4. Divisions of anthropology?
5. Risk behaviour?
6. Risk factor?

7. BEHAVIOUR OF CHILD IN DENTAL OFFICE

LONG ESSAYS

1. Explain Psychoanalytic theory and its clinical significance?
2. Define behaviour management? Classify and describe in detail in communication, tell show do and HOME?
3. Enumerate behaviour learning theories explain in detail theory of cognitive development?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Developmental task theory by Erik erikson?
2. Classic conditioning theory?
3. Operant conditioning theory?
4. Social learning theory?
5. Tell show route technique?
6. Hand over mouth exercise?
7. Reinforcement?

 8.EPIDEMIOLOGY

LONG ESSAYS

1. Compare cohort and case-control studies with example?
2. Define epidemiology? describe in detail various steps in descriptive epidemiological study?
3. What is epidemiology? classify different types of epidemiological Investigation and describe analytical epidemiology in detail?
4. Classify epidemiological methods? discussed in detail case control study?
5. Classify epidemiology? explain in detail randomised control trials?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. What are the aims and principles of epidemiology?
2. Tools of measurement in epidemiology?
3. Basic measurements in epidemiology?
4. Incidence?
5. Prevalence?
6. Explain relation between incidence and prevalence?
7. Descriptive epidemiology?
8. Bias in case control study?
9. Elements of cohort study?
10. Advantages and disadvantages of case control study?
11. Bias in cohort study?
12. Experimental epidemiology?
13. Randomised controlled trials?
14. Non randomised trials/Quasi experiments?
15. Short term fluctuations?
16. Steps of descriptive epidemiology?
17. Association and causation?
18. Uses of epidemiology?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Define epidemiology?
2. Rate?
3. Ratio?
4. Proportion?
5. Measures of mortality?
6. Measures of morbidity?
7. Crude death rate?
8. Case fatality rate?
9. Infant mortality rate?
10. Point prevalence?
11. Period prevalence?
12. Types of epidemics?
13. Point source epidemics?
14. Propagated epidemics?
15. Slow a modern epidemic?
16. Confounding factor?
17. Matching in case control study?
18. Odds ratio?
19. Berksons berkesonian bias?
20. Prospective cohort studies?
21. Retrospective cohort studies?
22. Relative risk?
23. Attributable risk?
24. Post Hoc bias?
25. Blinding in randomised controlled trials?

9. EPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOLOGY AND PREVENTION OF DENTAL CARIES

LONG ESSAYS

1. Define epidemiology? describe epidemiological triad in relation to dental caries?
2. What are the etiological factors in Dental caries and theories of caries etiology?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Stephen curve
2. Host factors in dental caries occurrence?
3. Trace elements in dental caries?
4. Primary prevention for dental caries?
5. Dental caries vaccine?
6. Dean’s study?
7. Caries activity/susceptibility test?
8. Role of diet in dental caries?
9. Vipeholm study
10. Turku sugar study?
11. Hopewood house study?
12. Prevention of dental caries?
13. Cariogram?
14. Alban test?
15. Colorimetric synder test?
16. Lactobacillus Colony count test?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Miller’s chemico parasitic theory?
2. Proteolytic theory?
3. Etiological factors in dental caries?
4. Role of microorganisms in caries?
5. Cariogram?
6. S mutans level in saliva test for dental caries?
7. Salivary buffer capacity test for dental caries?

10. EPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOLOGY AND PREVENTION OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE

SHORT ESSAYS

1. What are the local risk factors in the etiology of periodontal disease?
2. Host factors in epidemiology of periodontal disease?
3. Disclosing agents?
4. Various methods of prevention of periodontal disease?
5. Oral hygiene aids?
6. Interdental cleansing aids?
7. Dental floss?
8. Chemical plaque control?
9. Dentifrices?
10. Tooth brushing techniques?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Etiology of periodontal disease?
2. Agents used for disclosing plaque?
3. Types of tooth brushes?
4. Powered toothbrushes?
5. Bass method?
6. Modified Bass method?
7. Fones method /circular/ Scrub method?
8. Techniques for using dental floss?

11. EPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOLOGY AND PREVENTION OF ORAL CANCER

SHORT ESSAYS

1. What are the risk factors for oral cancer?
2. Smoked tobacco?
3. Smokeless tobacco?
4. What are the constituents of tobacco?
5. Enumerate three approaches for prevention and control of oral cancer?
6. Nicotine replacement therapies?
7. Levels of prevention of oral cancer?
8. TNM system of tumor Staging?
9. Screening test for oral cancer?
10. Global initiatives and prevention of oral cancer?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Reverse smoking?
2. Khaini
3. Nicotine withdrawal symptoms
4. Antidepressants for tobacco use cessation?
5. Smokers’ palate?
6. Mainpuri tobacco?

12. EPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOLOGY AND PREVENTION OF MALOCCLUSION

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Classification and Etiology of malocclusion?
2. Space maintainers?
3. Interceptive orthodontics?
4. Enumerate various measures for prevention of malocclusion?
5. Removable space maintainers?
6. Fixed space maintainers?
7. Serial extraction?

13. HEALTH EDUCATION AND PROMOTION

LONG ESSAYS

1. Define health education? List of objectives and principles of health education in detail?
2. Define health education? what are the various methods of health education?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. What are the objectives of health education?
2. Contents of health education?
3. Define communication write the components of communication?
4. Types of communication?
5. Barriers in communication?
6. What are the educational AIDS used in health education?
7. Visual aids in health education?
8. Methods of health education?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Credibility?
2. Two-way communication?
3. Auditory aids in health education?

14. NUTRITION AND ORAL HEALTH

SHORT ESSAYS

1. What are the effects of Nutrition on Oral tissues?
2. Balanced diet?

15. SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAM

LONG ESSAYS

1. Define school health services? What are the objectives and components of school oral health program? Write a note on THETA program
2. Define school health services? Explain tattle tooth program in detail?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Components of school oral health program?
2. Fluoride mouth rinse program?
3. Texas state wide prevention dentistry program?
4. Theta program?
5. Incremental care?
6. Comprehensive care?

16. FLUORIDES

LONG ESSAYS

1. What is mechanism of action of fluoride in caries reduction? Discuss various professionally applied fluoride delivery methods in detail?
2. Classify various delivery methods of fluoride in dentistry? Describe in detail various methods of professional applied topical fluoride delivery system?
3. Classify topical fluorides? discuss in detail various topical fluorides in prevention of dental caries?
4. Classify topical fluorides explain defluoridation of water in detail?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Write short note on professional topical application of fluorides?
2. Anticaries mechanism of action of fluoride?
3. Fluoride varnish?
4. Fluoride vehicle?
5. Neutral sodium fluoride?
6. Stannous fluoride?
7. Acidulated phosphate fluoride?
8. Self-applied topical fluoride?
9. Dentifrices?
10. Community water fluoridation?
11. Salt fluoridation?
12. Milk fluoridation?
13. Acute toxicity of fluorides?
14. Management of acute fluoride toxicity?
15. Defluoridation of water?
16. Nalgonda technique of defluoridation?
17. knutson’s technique?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Fluoride varnish?
2. Duraphat?
3. Carex?
4. Newburgh Kingston study?
5. Squat sanchis method?
6. Evanston oak Park study?
7. Certainly, Lethal dose?
8. Safety tolerated dose?
9. Ion exchange resins?
10. Carbion?
11. Defluoron 1?
12. Defluoron 2?

17. PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Define fissure sealant? Types of pits and fissure sealant?
2. What is the procedure for sealant application?
3. Indications and contraindications of pit and fissure sealants?

18. ATRAUMATIC RESTORATIVE TREATMENT

SHORT ESSAYS

1. What is the need for Atraumatic Restorative equipment?
2. Principles for Atraumatic restorative treatment?
3. Procedure for Atraumatic restorative treatment?

19. SURVEY PROCEDURE IN DENTISTRY

LONG ESSAYS

1. Define survey? how will you estimate prevalence of dental caries among school child?
2. What are steps in surveying? explain in detail Pathfinder survey?
3. Define survey? what are the types of Survey? explain uses and steps of surveying?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Types of Surveys?
2. Classification of types of inspection and examination survey?
3. National Pathfinder survey?

SHORT ANSWER

1. Pilot survey?

20. PLANNING AND EVALUATION

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Define planning? Explain uses, types and steps in Planning process?
2. What are the various steps in Planning process?
3. Define evaluation? Explain types and steps of evaluation?

21. CASE HISTORY

SHORT ESSAYS

1. What is the importance of recording chief complaint?
2. Extraoral examination?
3. Intraoral examination?
4. Treatment plan?

22. INDICES IN DENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY

LONG ESSAYS

1. Classify indices? explain in detail oral hygiene index?
2. what is index? Give broad classification of indices used for dental epidemiological investigation and state ideal requirements of an index?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Ideal requirements of index?
2. Oral hygiene index simplified?
3. Russell’s periodontal index?
4. CPITN?
5. CPI index?
6. DMFT index?
7. DMFS index?
8. def index?
9. Deans’ fluorosis index?
10. WHO index age groups?
11. Deans 21 cities study?

23. HEALTH CARE DELIVERY

LONG ESSAY

1. Explain health care sectors in India?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Anganwadi workers?
2. Levels of health care in India?
3. National Health programmes in India?
4. UNICEF?
5. WHO?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. World health day?
2. 3 main tiers of health system in India?
3. Functions of UNICEF?

24. DENTAL MANPOWER

LONG ESSAYS

1. Define dental auxiliaries? function of various dental auxiliaries?
2. Define dental auxiliary? Discuss need for development of dental auxiliary? note on function of school dental nurse?
3. Explain non-operating auxiliaries in detail?
4. Describe operating dental auxiliary?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Operating auxiliaries?
2. Expanded function dental auxiliary?
3. School dental nurse?
4. Dental therapist?
5. Denturist?
6. Dental hygienist?
7. New auxiliary types?
8. Duties of dental assistant?

25. FINANCE IN DENTAL CARE

LONG ESSAYS

1. Classify methods of payment in dental care? Write in detail about prepayment plans?
2. Describe mechanism of payment for Dental Care?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Private third-party prepayment plans?
2. Reimbursement of dentist in prepayment plans?
3. Delta dental plans?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Private fee for service?
2. Blue Cross Blue Shield Association?
3. Capitation plans?
4. Medicare?
5. Medicaid?

26. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

LONG ESSAYS

1. Why sampling is carried out in research? Write in detail about different methodologies with example?
2. What is data? Give its types? Describe various ways of presentation of data?

SHORT ESSAYS

1. What is the purpose of oral health research?
2. Define sample? what are the ideal requirement of a sample?
3. Define sampling? what are the various sampling methods?
4. Types of tables for presentation of data?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Define sampling frame?
2. Advantages of sampling?
3. Quota sampling?
4. Simple sampling?
5. Systematic sampling?
6. Multiphase sampling?
7. Multistage sampling?
8. Errors in sampling?
9. Pictogram?
10. Histogram?
11. Pie diagram?

27.Biostatistics

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Define Bio statistics? Uses of biostatistics?
2. Measures of Central tendency?
3. Measures of dispersion?
4. Normal curve Gaussian distribution?
5. Test of significance?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. Arithmetic mean?
2. Median?
3. Mode?
4. Chi square test?
5. Correlation?

28. OCCUPATION HAZARDS IN DENTISTRY

SHORT ESSAYS

1. What are the various biological hazards in dentistry?
2. Chemical hazards?
3. Physical hazards?
4. Psychological hazards?

SHORT ANSWER

1. Clinical manifestation of aids?

29. INFECTION CONTROL IN DENTISTRY

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Personal barrier techniques for infection control?
2. Sterilization and disinfection of instruments?

30. ESTABLISHING AND MAINTAINING DENTAL OFFICE

SHORT ESSAY

1. What is the goal of practice management? and explain dental office setting?

31. MOBILE DENTAL CLINICS

SHORT ESSAYS

1. What are the goals and objectives of mobile Dental Services? enumerate the design of mobile dental clinic?
2. Give example of some mobile dental clinic?

32. HEALTH ECONOMICS

SHORT ESSAY

1. Define economic evaluation? Types of economic evaluation?

33. ETHICS IN MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Hippocratic oath?
2. Ethical principles?
3. Dental professional ethics? Ethical rules for dentist?

SHORT ANSWERS

1. To do no harm?
2. To do good?
3. Informed consent?
4. Some unethical practices?

34. MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE

SHORT ESSAYS

1. Consent?
2. Professional negligence?
3. Consumer Protection Act?
4. Legal avenues for aggrieved Patients?